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dc.contributor.authorCardoso, Thiago dos Santos
dc.date.accessioned2023-12-21T18:41:58Z-
dc.date.available2023-12-21T18:41:58Z-
dc.date.issued2018-11-27
dc.identifier.citationCARDOSO, Thiago dos Santos. Influência de fatores bióticos e abióticos na metacomunidade de helmintos parasitos de pequenos mamíferos no Parque Nacional da Serra dos Órgãos, Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. 2018. 134 f. Tese (Doutorado em Ciências Veterinárias) - Instituto de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ.por
dc.identifier.urihttps://rima.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/20.500.14407/9612-
dc.description.abstractParasitos são organismos amplamente distribuídos e tem um papel fundamental para a biodiversidade, pois podem regular populações de hospedeiros, interferir em interações ecológicas, alterar todo um ecossistema pelo efeito cascata e influenciar em padrões evolutivos dos hospedeiros. Apesar disso, ainda são poucos os estudos envolvendo interação ecológica parasito-hospedeiro, especialmente em habitats naturais. O objetivo geral desta tese foi analisar a estrutura das metacomunidades de helmintos em espécies de pequenos mamíferos, investigando-se a influência de fatores bióticos e abióticos na composição de espécies destes parasitos no Parque Nacional da Serra dos Órgãos (PARNASO), estado do Rio de Janeiro. Roedores e marsupiais foram coletados em transectos lineares em três localidades. Foi investigada a influência de fatores bióticos (idade e sexos dos hospedeiros) e abióticos (município de coleta) nos parâmetros parasitológicos das espécies de helmintos mais prevalentes. Foram analisadas as estruturas de metacomunidades de pequenos mamíferos e helmintos utilizando-se a Análise de Estrutura de Metacomunidades. A influência de variáveis ambientais, representadas pelo micro-habitat, e espaciais, calculadas a partir de coordenadas geográficas, na composição das espécies de helmintos também foi investigada. Foram capturadas 20 espécies de pequenos mamíferos, das quais 12 estavam parasitadas por helmintos. Foram recuperadas 29 espécies de helmintos pertencentes aos filos Nematoda, Platyhelminthes e Acantocephala. As espécies Aspidodera raillieti, Cruzia tentaculata, Turgida turgida e Viannaia hamata apresentaram os maiores valores de prevalência e/ou abundância no marsupial Didelphis aurita, tal como a espécie Stilestrongylus aculeata no roedor Akodon montensis, e Stilestrongylus lanfrediae, nos roedores Oligoryzomys flavescens e Oligoryzomys nigripes. Algumas espécies de helmintos foram influenciadas tanto pelo sexo e idade dos hospedeiros quanto pela localidade. Foi observado maior compartilhamento de espécies de helmintos entre hospedeiros relacionados filogeneticamente e/ou ecologicamente, corroborando a importância da coevolução parasito-hospedeiro na composição das espécies. Akodon montensis parece atuar como uma espécie-chave na comunidade, compartilhando espécies de helmintos com outros roedores. Contudo, D. aurita foi a espécie com maior riqueza total e média de espécies de helmintos. Considerando-se roedores e marsupiais juntos, apenas a metacomunidade de helmintos no nível de infracomunidade apresentou padrão de estruturação não aleatório, sendo registrada uma estrutura quase-Gleasoaniana. Este padrão indica que as espécies respondem a um mesmo gradiente ambiental, porém de forma individual, havendo substituições ao invés de perdas de espécies ao longo do gradiente. A composição de espécies de helmintos desta metacomunidade variou em função tanto do gradiente ambiental, indicado pelas variáveis cursos d’água e sub-bosque, quanto espacial, indicando que diferenças entre localidades foram maiores que em escala local. Os resultados indicaram que a metacomunidade destes parasitos estudados foi influenciada não apenas pelos grupos taxonômicos de hospedeiros, mas também pelos fatores abióticos e pelas escalas espaciais investigadaspor
dc.description.sponsorshipCAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superiorpor
dc.formatapplication/pdf*
dc.languageporpor
dc.publisherUniversidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiropor
dc.rightsAcesso Abertopor
dc.subjectBiodiversidadepor
dc.subjectComunidadespor
dc.subjectParasitismopor
dc.subjectBiodiversityeng
dc.subjectCommunitieseng
dc.subjectParasitismeng
dc.titleInfluência de fatores bióticos e abióticos na metacomunidade de helmintos parasitos de pequenos mamíferos no Parque Nacional da Serra dos Órgãos, Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasilpor
dc.title.alternativeInfluence of biotic and abiotic factors in the metacomunity of helminth parasites of small mammals in the Serra dos Órgãos National Park, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazilpor
dc.typeTesepor
dc.description.abstractOtherParasites are widely distributed organisms and play a key role in biodiversity, because they can regulate host populations, interfere in ecological interactions, alter an ecosystem by the cascade effect, and influence evolutionary patterns of hosts. Despite this, there are few ecological studies related to parasite-host interaction, mainly in natural habitats. The objective of this thesis was to analyse the structure of helminth metacommunities in small mammal species, investigating the influence of biotic and abiotic factors on the species composition of these parasites in the Serra dos Órgãos National Park (PARNASO), state of Rio de Janeiro. Rodents and marsupials were collected in linear transects at three locations. The influence of biotic (age and sex of the hosts) and abiotic factors (municipality of samplings) on the parasitological parameters of the most prevalent helminth species were investigated. The metacommunity structures of small mammals and helminths were analysed using the Analysis of Metacommunity Structure. The influence of environmental variables, represented by microhabitat, and spatial variables, calculated from geographic coordinates, in the helminth species composition was also investigated. Twenty species of small mammals were captured, of which 12 were parasitized by helminths. In total, 29 species of helminths belonging to the Nematoda, Platyhelminthes and Acantocephala phyla were recovered. The species Aspidodera raillieti, Cruzia tentaculata, Turgida turgida and Viannaia hamata presented the highest values of prevalence and / or abundance in the marsupial Didelphis aurita, such as the species Stilestrongylus aculeata, in the rodent Akodon montensis, and Stilestrongylus lanfrediae, in the rodents Oligoryzomys flavescens and Oligoryzomys nigripes. Some helminth species were influenced by sex and age of the hosts as well as by the sampling locality. Greater sharing of helminth species was observed between phylogenetically and / or ecologically related hosts, corroborating the importance of host-parasite coevolution in species composition. Akodon montensis seems to act as a keystone species in the community, sharing helminths species with other rodents. However, D. aurita was the species with the highest total and mean species richness of helminths. Considering rodents and marsupials together, only the metacommunity of helminths at the infracommunity level presented a non-random structuring pattern, with a quasi-Gleasonian structure. This pattern indicates that the species respond to the same environmental gradient, but individually, with species replacements instead of losses along the gradient. The helminth species composition of this metacommunity varied as a function of both the environmental gradient, indicated by the variables watercourse and understory, as well as the spatial one, indicating that differences among localities were higher than on a local scale. The results indicated that the metacommunity of these studied parasites was influenced not only by the taxonomic groups of hosts, but also by abiotic factors and spatial scales investigated.eng
dc.contributor.advisor1Luque Alejos, José Luis Fernando
dc.contributor.advisor1ID035.273.727-17por
dc.contributor.advisor1IDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3515-1127por
dc.contributor.advisor1Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/5749867348642906por
dc.contributor.advisor-co1Gentile, Rosana
dc.contributor.advisor-co1ID023.643.507-86por
dc.contributor.advisor-co1IDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9160-1204por
dc.contributor.advisor-co1Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/2782964116305880por
dc.contributor.referee1Luque Alejos, José Luis Fernando
dc.contributor.referee1ID035.273.727-17por
dc.contributor.referee1IDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3515-1127por
dc.contributor.referee1Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/5749867348642906por
dc.contributor.referee2Silva, Claudia Portes Santos
dc.contributor.referee2IDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5165-0853por
dc.contributor.referee2Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/8600251256837913por
dc.contributor.referee3Tavares, Luiz Eduardo Roland
dc.contributor.referee3Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/0106297558280456por
dc.contributor.referee4Olifiers, Natalie
dc.contributor.referee4IDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3024-2049por
dc.contributor.referee4Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/7577970336711931por
dc.contributor.referee5Pinto, Pedro Cordeiro Estrela de Andrade
dc.contributor.referee5IDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3383-571Xpor
dc.contributor.referee5Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/5953064777659135por
dc.creator.ID115.803.577-25por
dc.creator.IDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2724-6038por
dc.creator.Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/2045520877992569por
dc.publisher.countryBrasilpor
dc.publisher.departmentInstituto de Veterináriapor
dc.publisher.initialsUFRRJpor
dc.publisher.programPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Veterináriaspor
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dc.subject.cnpqParasitologiapor
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