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dc.contributor.authorRosa, Alessandro Samuel
dc.date.accessioned2023-12-21T18:33:49Z-
dc.date.available2023-12-21T18:33:49Z-
dc.date.issued2016-02-24
dc.identifier.citationROSA, Alessandro Samuel. Análise de fontes de incerteza na modelagem espacial do solo. 2016. 278 f. Tese (Doutorado em Agronomia - Ciência do Solo). Instituto de Agronomia, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ, 2016.por
dc.identifier.urihttps://rima.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/20.500.14407/9041-
dc.description.abstractA modelagem espacial do solo moderna usa modelos estatísticos para explorar a relação em-pírica entre as condições ambientais e as propriedades do solo. Esses modelos são uma sim-plificação da realidade, e seu resultado (mapa do solo) estará sempre errado. O que um mapa do solo transmite é o que esperamos que o solo seja, reconhecendo que somos incertos sobre ele. O objetivo dessa tese é avaliar importantes fontes de incerteza na modelagem espacial do solo, com ênfase nos dados do solo e covariáveis. Estudos de caso foram desenvolvidos usando dados de uma bacia hidrográfica do sul do Brasil. A distribuição espacial do solo na área de estudo é variável, sendo determinada pela geologia e geomorfologia (escalas espaciais maiores) e práticas agrícolas (escalas espaciais menores). Quatro propriedades do solo foram explora-das: teor de argila, teor de carbono orgânico, capacidade de troca catiônica efetiva e densidade. Cinco covariáveis, cada um com dois níveis de detalhe espacial, foram utilizadas: mapas areais de classes de solo, modelos digitais de elevação, mapas geológicos, mapas de uso da terra, e imagens de satélite. Esses dados constituem o conjunto de dados de Santa Maria. Dois paco-tes para R foram criados, o primeiro (pedometrics) contendo várias funções para a análise exploratória espacial de dados e calibração de modelos, o segundo (spann) projetado para a optimização de amostras espaciais usando recozimento simulado. Os estudos de caso ilustraram que as covariáveis existentes são apropriadas para calibrar modelos espaciais do solo, e que o uso de covariáveis mais detalhadas resulta em modesto aumento na acurácia de predição que pode não compensar os custos adicionais. Meios mais eficientes de aumentar a acurácia de pre-dição devem ser explorados, como obter mais observações do solo. Para esse fim, deve-se usar meios objetivos para a seleção dos locais de observação a fim de minimizar os efeitos das res-postas psicológicas dos modeladores do solo a fatores conceituais e operacionais sobre o plano de amostragem. Isso porque as dificuldades conceituais e operacionais encontradas no campo determinam mudanças na motivação dos modeladores do solo entre aprendizagem/verificação das relações solo-paisagem e maximização do número de observações e cobertura geográfica. Para estimar a tendência espacial, deve ser suficiente otimizar as amostras espaciais visando so-mente reproduzir a distribuição marginal das covariáveis. Para otimizar configurações amostrais para estimar a tendência espacial e o variograma, e interpolação espacial, pode-se formular um problema de otimização multi-objetivo sólido usando versões robustas de algoritmos de amos-tragem existentes. No geral, aprendemos que uma receita única, universal para a redução da incerteza na modelagem espacial do solo não pode ser formulada. Decidir sobre formas efi-cazes de redução da incerteza requer, em primeiro lugar, que exploremos todo o potencial dos dados existentes usando técnicas de modelagem espacial sólidas.por
dc.description.sponsorshipCNPqpor
dc.formatapplication/pdf*
dc.languageporpor
dc.publisherUniversidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiropor
dc.rightsAcesso Abertopor
dc.subjectPedometricseng
dc.subjectDigital Soil Mappingeng
dc.subjectSoil and Covariate Dataeng
dc.subjectPedometriapor
dc.subjectMapeamento Digital do Solopor
dc.subjectDados de Solo e Covariáveispor
dc.titleAnálise de fontes de incerteza na modelagem espacial do solopor
dc.title.alternativeAnalysis of sources of uncertainty in soil spatial modelling.eng
dc.typeTesepor
dc.description.abstractOtherModern soil spatial modelling is based on statistical models to explore the empirical relation-ship among environmental conditions and soil properties. These models are a simplification of reality, and their outcome (soil map) will always be in error. What a soil map conveys is what we expect the soil to be, acknowledging that we are uncertain about it. The objective of this thesis is to evaluate important sources of uncertainty in spatial soil modelling, with emphasis on soil and covariate data. Case studies were developed using data from a catchment located in Southern Brazil. The soil spatial distribution in the study area is highly variable, being deter-mined by the geology and geomorphology (coarse spatial scales), and by agricultural practices (fine spatial scales). Four topsoil properties were explored: clay content, organic carbon con-tent, effective cation exchange capacity and bulk density. Five covariates, each with two levels of spatial detail, were used: area-class soil maps, digital elevation models, geologic maps, land use maps, and satellite images. These soil and covariate data constitute the Santa Maria dataset. Two packages for R were created in support to the case studies, the first (pedometrics) con-taining various functions for spatial exploratory data analysis and model calibration, the second (spsann) designed for the optimization of spatial samples using simulated annealing. The case studies illustrated that existing covariates are suitable for calibrating soil spatial models, and that using more detailed covariates results in only a modest increase in the prediction ac-curacy that may not outweigh the extra costs. More efficient means of increasing prediction accuracy should be explored, such as obtaining more soil observations. For this end, one should use objective means for selecting observation locations to minimize the effects of psycholog-ical responses of soil modellers to conceptual and operational factors on the sampling design. This because conceptual and operational difficulties encountered in the field determine how the motivation of soil modellers shifts between learning/verifying soil-landscape relationships and maximizing the number of observations and geographic coverage. For the sole purpose of spa-tial trend estimation, it should suffice to optimize spatial samples aiming only at reproducing the marginal distribution of the covariates. For the joint purpose of optimizing sample configu-rations for spatial trend and variogram estimation, and spatial interpolation, one can formulate a sound multi-objective optimization problem using robust versions of existing sampling algo-rithms. Overall, we have learned that a single, universal recipe for reducing our uncertainty in soil spatial modelling cannot be formulated. Deciding upon efficient ways of reducing our uncertainty requires, first, that we explore the full potential of existing soil and covariate data using sound spatial modelling techniques.eng
dc.contributor.advisor1Anjos, Lúcia Helena Cunha dos
dc.contributor.advisor1ID660.519.407-15por
dc.contributor.advisor-co1Vasques, Gustavo de Mattos
dc.contributor.advisor-co1ID084.272.437-07por
dc.contributor.advisor-co2Heuvelink, Gerardus Bernardus Maria
dc.contributor.advisor-co2IDNP7755C77 (Passaporte)por
dc.contributor.referee1Ceddia, Marcos Bacis
dc.contributor.referee2Teixeira, Wenceslau Geraldes
dc.contributor.referee3Oliveira, Ronaldo Pereira de
dc.contributor.referee4Assad, Maria Leonor Ribeiro Casimiro Lopes
dc.creator.ID007.024.020-52por
dc.creator.Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/1609751519717461por
dc.publisher.countryBrasilpor
dc.publisher.departmentInstituto de Agronomiapor
dc.publisher.initialsUFRRJpor
dc.publisher.programPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia - Ciência do Solopor
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Appears in Collections:Doutorado em Agronomia - Ciência do Solo

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