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dc.contributor.authorCorrêa, Thaís Almeida-
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-24T19:29:47Z-
dc.date.available2026-07-24T19:29:47Z-
dc.date.issued2025-08-10-
dc.identifier.citationCORRÊA, Thaís Almeida. Interações entre fungos entomopatogênicos e hospedeiros artrópodes: resposta imune de larvas de *Noctua pronuba* e dinâmica do bacterioma intestinal de *Rhipicephalus microplus*. 139 f. 2025. Tese (Doutorado em Ciências Veterinárias) - Instituto de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ, 2025.pt_BR
dc.identifier.urihttp://rima.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/20.500.14407/25895-
dc.description.abstractO controle de artrópodes vetores e pragas agrícolas exige alternativas sustentáveis, dadas as limitações e os impactos associados ao uso de acaricidas e inseticidas químicos. Nesse contexto, fungos entomopatogênicos desempenham um papel fundamental, tanto na modulação das respostas imunes do hospedeiro quanto como componentes de estratégias de manejo integrado. Esta tese investigou dois modelos distintos: (i) o carrapato bovino *Rhipicephalus microplus*, com foco na interação de *Metarhizium anisopliae* com a bacteriota intestinal na presença ou ausência de *Anaplasma marginale*; e (ii) a mariposa *Noctua pronuba*, uma importante praga agrícola, com ênfase nas interações imunes humorais com *Beauveria bassiana* e *Trichoderma atroviride*. No Capítulo I, a diversidade bacteriana intestinal de fêmeas ingurgitadas de *R. microplus* foi caracterizada por meio de uma abordagem de metabarcoding direcionada à região V3–V4 do gene 16S rRNA bacteriano, comparando grupos expostos ou não a *M. anisopliae* e infectados com *A. marginale*. A coinfecção alterou a composição da bacteriota, resultando em um maior número de táxons associados e uma composição microbiana distinta em relação aos grupos controle e aos infectados por apenas um dos agentes. A análise de redes de coocorrência revelou que o microbioma coinfectado (*Metarhizium* e *Anaplasma*) apresentava maior conectividade e robustez, sugerindo uma resposta compensatória do hospedeiro e da comunidade bacteriana ao estresse duplo, em vez de uma estabilidade benéfica. A previsão funcional indicou que essas alterações podem representar uma adaptação metabólica do consórcio bacteriano para favorecer a sobrevivência do carrapato e/ou do patógeno, corroborada pela maior abundância de genes funcionais associados a vias metabólicas no grupo coinfectado. Esses resultados destacam o papel modulador da bacteriota intestinal na interface fungo-vetor-patógeno, com implicações diretas para a competência vetorial de *R. microplus*, e reforçam o potencial dos fungos em interferir nos ciclos de transmissão de patógenos. No Capítulo II, investigou-se a resposta imune de larvas de *N. pronuba* após a exposição a *B. bassiana* (entomopatogênico) e *T. atroviride* (não entomopatogênico). A expressão diferencial de genes relacionados à imunidade inata (Cecropina 1, Attacina e proteína de reconhecimento de peptidoglicano A – PGRP-A) foi quantificada por qPCR. *B. bassiana* induziu uma ativação precoce de Attacina e PGRP- A seis horas após o tratamento, enquanto *T. atroviride* promoveu a supressão de Attacina e PGRP- A às 12 e 24 horas, sugerindo uma capacidade de interagir com as vias imunes do hospedeiro, apesar de não apresentar patogenicidade evidente. Esses resultados ampliam nossa compreensão sobre os mecanismos de reconhecimento e defesa contra fungos e ressaltam a importância de explorar novos isolados fúngicos, como *Trichoderma*, em programas de controle biológico. Os dois capítulos demonstram que as respostas imunes de artrópodes e a dinâmica da bacteriota intestinal são determinantes fundamentais na interação com fungos entomopatogênicos e patógenos.pt_BR
dc.description.sponsorshipCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPESpt_BR
dc.languageporpt_BR
dc.publisherUniversidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiropt_BR
dc.subjectRhipicephalus micropluspt_BR
dc.subjectNoctua pronubapt_BR
dc.subjectentomopathogenic fungipt_BR
dc.subjectTrichoderma atroviridept_BR
dc.subjectgut bacteriotapt_BR
dc.subjectinnate immunitypt_BR
dc.subjectAnaplasma marginalept_BR
dc.subjectbiocontrolpt_BR
dc.titleInterações entre fungos entomopatogênicos e hospedeiros artrópodes: resposta imune de larvas de *Noctua pronuba* e dinâmica do bacterioma intestinal de *Rhipicephalus microplus*pt_BR
dc.title.alternativeInteractions between entomopathogenic fungi and arthropod hosts: Immune response of Noctua pronuba larvae and gut bacteriome dynamics of Rhipicephalus microplus.en
dc.typeTesept_BR
dc.description.abstractOtherThe control of arthropod vectors and agricultural pests requires sustainable alternatives in light of the limitations and impacts associated with chemical acaricides and insecticides. In this context, entomopathogenic fungi are key elements both in shaping host immune responses and as part of integrated management strategies. This thesis investigated two distinct models: (i) the cattle tick Rhipicephalus microplus, focusing on the interaction of Metarhizium anisopliae with the gut bacteriota in the presence or absence of Anaplasma marginale, and (ii) the moth Noctua pronuba, an important agricultural pest, with emphasis on its humoral immune interactions with Beauveria bassiana and Trichoderma atroviride. In Chapter I, the gut bacterial diversity of engorged R. microplus females was characterized through a metabarcoding approach targeting the V3–V4 region of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene in groups exposed or not to M. anisopliae and infected with A. marginale. Coinfection reshaped the bacteriota, with a higher number of associated taxa and a distinct microbial composition compared to control and singly infected groups. Co-occurrence network analysis revealed that the coinfected microbiome (Metarhizium and Anaplasma) exhibited greater connectivity and robustness, suggesting a compensatory response of the host and bacterial community to dual stress rather than beneficial stability. Functional prediction indicated that these shifts may represent a metabolic adaptation of the bacterial consortium to support tick and/or pathogen survival, supported by the increased abundance of functional genes associated with metabolic pathways in the coinfected group. These findings highlight the modulatory role of the gut bacteriota at the fungus–vector– pathogen interface, with direct implications for the vector competence of R. microplus, and reinforce the potential of fungi to interfere with pathogen transmission cycles. In Chapter II, the immune response of N. pronuba larvae was investigated after exposure to B. bassiana (entomopathogenic) and T. atroviride (non-entomopathogenic). The differential expression of innate immunity-related genes (Cecropin1, Attacin, and Peptidoglycan recognition protein A - PGRP-A) was quantified by qPCR. B. bassiana induced a early activation of Attacin and PGRP- A six hours after treatment, whereas T. atroviride promoted suppression of Attacin and PGRP- A at 12 and 24 hours, suggesting an ability to interact with host immune pathways despite lacking evident pathogenicity. These results expand our understanding of recognition and defense mechanisms against fungi and underscore the importance of exploring novel fungal isolates, such as Trichoderma, in biocontrol programs. The two chapters demonstrate that arthropod immune responses and gut bacteriota dynamics are central determinants in the interaction with entomopathogenic fungi and pathogens. Understanding these relationships provides a foundation for developing innovative biocontrol strategies capable of reducing dependence on chemical inputs and contributing to sustainability in animal health and agriculturept_BR
dc.contributor.advisor1Gôlo, Patrícia Silva-
dc.contributor.advisor1IDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1854-7488pt_BR
dc.contributor.advisor1Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/3935275742919097pt_BR
dc.contributor.advisor-co1Santos, Huarrisson Azevedo-
dc.contributor.advisor-co1IDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8218-3626pt_BR
dc.contributor.advisor-co1Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/3751609492049306pt_BR
dc.contributor.advisor-co2Henderson, Deborah-
dc.contributor.advisor-co2Lattes-pt_BR
dc.contributor.referee1Baêta, Bruna de Azevedo-
dc.contributor.referee1IDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0172-556Xpt_BR
dc.contributor.referee1Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/8016012971743463pt_BR
dc.contributor.referee2Paulino, Patrícia Gonzaga-
dc.contributor.referee2IDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9326-7609pt_BR
dc.contributor.referee2Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/5946161927068059pt_BR
dc.contributor.referee3Gôlo, Patrícia Silva-
dc.contributor.referee3IDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1854-7488pt_BR
dc.contributor.referee3Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/3935275742919097pt_BR
dc.contributor.referee4Paulo, Jéssica Fiorotti de-
dc.contributor.referee4IDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6291-4324pt_BR
dc.contributor.referee4Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/4606539860834297pt_BR
dc.contributor.referee5Martins, Larissa Almeida-
dc.contributor.referee5Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/8658648710747937pt_BR
dc.creator.IDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6909-2925pt_BR
dc.creator.Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/0672123292803102pt_BR
dc.publisher.countryBrasilpt_BR
dc.publisher.departmentInstituto de Veterináriapt_BR
dc.publisher.initialsUFRRJpt_BR
dc.publisher.programPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Veterináriaspt_BR
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dc.subject.cnpqMedicina Veterináriapt_BR
dc.subject.cnpqMedicina Veterináriapt_BR
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