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dc.contributor.authorLau, Raphael da Silva
dc.date.accessioned2023-12-22T03:08:31Z-
dc.date.available2023-12-22T03:08:31Z-
dc.date.issued2022-10-13
dc.identifier.citationLAU, Raphael da Silva. Programação paterna com propionato de testosterona e seus impactos sobre a prole de camundongos. 2022. 154 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências Fisiológicas) - Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ, 2022.por
dc.identifier.urihttps://rima.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/20.500.14407/14936-
dc.description.abstractOs esteroides anabólicos androgênicos (EAA) são substâncias que compreendem a testosterona e substâncias quimicamente derivadas dela, sendo amplamente utilizada para fins estéticos e recreacionais. A maioria das pesquisas envolvendo a transmissão da herança genética/epigenética esteve, principalmente, focado nos insultos endócrinos e nutricionais de origem materna, e pouca ou nenhuma atenção foi dada aos insultos de origem paterna e sua possível relação no estabelecimento de herança na sua descendência. Dessa forma, nosso objetivo foi verificar se a exposição paterna a uma dose suprafisiológica de propionato de testosterona é capaz de alterar os parâmetros comportamentais da prole de camundongos Swiss durante a idade adulta, bem como os mecanismos transcricionais envolvidos. Para esse propósito, foram utilizados no protocolo 1, 10 camundongos machos, divididos em grupo controle (n=5) e grupo tratado (n=5) que foram administrados com 7,5 mg/kg de PT, duas vezes por semana, durante 5 semanas. Ao final do protocolo, os animais foram colocados em acasalamento. Após a prole completar 70 dias de vida, foram submetidos a uma bateria de testes comportamentais composta por: campo aberto (CA), reconhecimento de objetos 6 horas (RO 6h), caixa claro-escuro (CCE), labirinto em cruz elevado (LCE) e suspensão pela cauda (SC). Ao final da realização dos métodos comportamentais, os animais foram submetidos à eutanásia, sendo o hipocampo dissecado para a análise dos seguintes genes através de RT-qPCR: Gabra2, Gad1, Bdnf, Ntrk2, Tph2, Htr1a e Th. A análise estatística foi realizada pelo teste t de Student ou Mann-Whittney e as médias foram consideradas diferentes quando p < 0,05. Em relação aos achados comportamentais, foi verificado um aumento dos comportamentos análogos à ansiedade na prole de machos (M) e fêmeas (F). Nos machos foi observado pela diminuição de permanência no lado claro na CCE (p = 0.002) (↓60,3%), assim como nos braços abertos do LCE (p=0,04) (↓26,8%) e aumento de permanência nos braços fechados (p=0,01) (↑47,1%), enquanto nas fêmeas foi observado aumento do número de bolos fecais no teste do CA (p=0,013) (↑81,1%) e aumento no número de posturas de avaliação de risco (SAP) no LCE (p=0,01) (↑109,4%). Além disso, tanto os machos, quanto as fêmeas reduziram o tempo de imobilidade no teste de SC, (p = 0,02) (↓28%) e (p=0,04) (↓33,1%), respectivamente. Já no teste de RO 6h, apenas as fêmeas demonstraram déficits na memória mnemônica, visualizado pelo parâmetro de discriminação relativa (D2) (↓9,5%). Por sua vez, apenas os machos apresentaram alteração na expressão de genes no hipocampo, como aumento da expressão de Gabra2 (p=0,04) (↑42,8%) e redução da expressão de Gad1 (p=0,02) (↓17%). Para a realização do protocolo 2, foram utilizados 59 animais machos para a formação dos grupos controle (n=28) e tratado (n=31), que foram administrados com PT, utilizando o mesmo tratamento do protocolo 1. Desse total de animais, foi realizada uma nova distribuição de modo que uma parte fosse submetida a bateria de testes comportamentais logo ao final do tratamento (controle=23, tratado=25), enquanto uma outra parte foi colocada em acasalamento (controle=5, tratado=6). Os testes comportamentais realizados nesta etapa com os animais submetidos ao tratamento com PT foram: CA, RO 6h, CCE, LCE, interação social (IS), SC e intruso residente (IR). Não foram verificadas alterações nos comportamentos análogos à ansiedade. Por sua vez, foi observado que o tratamento reduziu o tempo de discriminação absoluto (D1) (p=0,01) (↓40,1%), assim como os índices de discriminação absoluto (D2) (p=0,004) (↓38,2%) e o índice de discriminação relativo (D3) (p=0,03) (↓14,1%). Além disso, houve redução do engajamento social com um coespecífico, observado no teste de interação social, observado pela redução do índice de sociabilidade (p=0,03) (↓8,3%). Os pais tratados com PT também tiveram aumento dos comportamentos agressivos, observado a partir da diminuição da latência para o 1° ataque (p=0,0001) (↓67%), assim como o aumento do n° de ataques (p=0,014) (↑83,8%) e tempo de luta (boxing) (p=0,0001) (↑138,5%). Por fim, houve redução do índice testicular (p=0,01) (↓29,6%), sem alterações da massa corporal, assim como nos níveis plasmáticos de testosterona, avaliado por método do ELISA. Por sua vez, a prole M e F da linhagem paterna que foi submetida ao tratamento e, posteriormente, ao acasalamento, foi avaliada aos 70 dias de vida em métodos de avaliação comportamental complementar ao realizado no protocolo 1 e foi composto por: RO 24h, Labirinto de Barnes (LB), esquiva passiva (EP), IS, IR. Foi observado que a prole de camundongos machos tiveram um déficit de memória 24h após a exposição ao objeto familiar, observado pela redução do D1 (p=0,003) (↓87,7%), D2 (p=0,02) (↓90,5%) e D3 (p=0,02) (↓19%). Além disso, houve redução do engajamento social com um coespecífico, observado no teste de interação social, com redução do índice de sociabilidade (p=0,02) (↓24,4%). O mesmo resultado foi encontrado na prole de camundongos fêmeas com redução do índice de interação social (p=0,046), assim como o índice de preferência social (0,02) (↓17,5%). Não foram verificados diferença significativas nos testes LB, EP e IR. Dessa forma, nossos resultados sugerem que a programação paterna com PT foi capaz de promover alterações comportamentais e neuroquímicas de sistemas cerebrais envolvidos com respostas afetivas, demonstrando aumento dos comportamentos análogos à ansiedade, um déficit na memória, assim como uma redução no engajamento social, indicando um determinado grau de ansiedade social na prole na fase adulta.por
dc.description.sponsorshipCAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superiorpor
dc.description.sponsorshipCNPq - Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológicopor
dc.description.sponsorshipFAPERJ - Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiropor
dc.formatapplication/pdf*
dc.languageporpor
dc.publisherUniversidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiropor
dc.rightsAcesso Abertopor
dc.subjectesteroides androgênicos anabolizantespor
dc.subjectprogramação paternapor
dc.subjectansiedadepor
dc.subjectmemória,por
dc.subjectsociabilidadepor
dc.subjectanabolic androgenic steroidseng
dc.subjectparental programmingeng
dc.subjectanxietyeng
dc.subjectmemoryeng
dc.subjectsociabilityeng
dc.titleProgramação paterna com propionato de testosterona e seus impactos sobre a prole de camundongospor
dc.title.alternativePaternal programming with testosterone propionate and its impacts on mice offspringeng
dc.typeDissertaçãopor
dc.description.abstractOtherAnabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) are substances that comprise testosterone and substances chemically derived from it, being widely used for aesthetic and recreational purposes. Most research involving the transmission of genetic/epigenetic inheritance has mainly focused on endocrine and nutritional insults of maternal origin, and little or no attention has been given to insults of paternal origin and their possible relationship to the establishment of inheritance in their offspring. Thus, our objective was to verify whether paternal exposure to a supraphysiological dose of testosterone propionate is capable of altering the behavioral parameters of the offspring of Swiss mice during adulthood, as well as the transcriptional mechanisms involved. For this purpose, 10 male mice were used in protocol 1, divided into a control group (n=5) and a treated group (n=5) that were administered with 7.5 mg/kg of PT, twice a week, during 5 weeks. At the end of the protocol, the animals were placed in mating. After the offspring reached 70 days of life, they were submitted to a battery of behavioral tests consisting of: open field (AC), object recognition 6 hours (RO 6h), light-dark box (CCE), elevated plus maze (LCE) ) and tail suspension (SC). At the end of the behavioral methods, the animals were euthanized, and the hippocampus was dissected for the analysis of the following genes through RT-qPCR: Gabra2, Gad1, Bdnf, Ntrk2, Tph2, Htr1a and Th. Statistical analysis was performed using Student's t test or Mann-Whittney test and means were considered different when p < 0.05. Regarding the behavioral findings, an increase in anxiety-like behaviors was observed in the offspring of males (M) and females (F). In males, it was observed a decrease in permanence on the light side in the OHC (p = 0.002) (↓60.3%), as well as in the open arms of the ECL (p=0.04) (↓26.8%) and an increase in permanence in closed arms (p=0.01) (↑47.1%), while in females it was observed an increase in the number of fecal boluses in the CA test (p=0.013) (↑81.1%) and an increase in the number of risk assessment postures (SAP) in the LCE (p=0.01) (↑109.4%). Furthermore, both males and females reduced immobility time in the SC test, (p = 0.02) (↓28%) and (p=0.04) (↓33.1%), respectively. In the OR 6h test, only females showed deficits in mnemonic memory, visualized by the relative discrimination parameter (D2) (↓9.5%). In turn, only males showed alterations in gene expression in the hippocampus, such as increased expression of Gabra2 (p=0.04) (↑42.8%) and reduced expression of Gad1 (p=0.02) ( ↓17%). For protocol 2, 59 male animals were used to form the control (n=28) and treated (n=31) groups, which were administered with PT, using the same treatment as protocol 1. Of this total number of animals, a new distribution was performed so that one part was submitted to a battery of behavioral tests right at the end of the treatment (control=23, treated=25), while another part was placed in mating (control=5, treated=6). The behavioral tests performed at this stage with the animals submitted to PT treatment were: CA, RO 6h, CCE, LCE, social interaction (IS), SC and resident intruder (IR). There were no changes in anxiety-like behaviors. In turn, it was observed that the treatment reduced the absolute discrimination time (D1) (p=0.01) (↓40.1%), as well as the absolute discrimination indexes (D2) (p=0.004) (↓ 38.2%) and the relative discrimination index (D3) (p=0.03) (↓14.1%). In addition, there was a reduction in social engagement with a conspecific, observed in the social interaction test, observed by the reduction in the sociability index (p=0.03) (↓8.3%). Parents treated with PT also had an increase in aggressive behavior, observed from the decrease in latency to the 1st attack (p=0.0001) (↓67%), as well as the increase in the number of attacks (p=0.014) (↑83.8%) and fighting time (boxing) (p=0.0001) (↑138.5%). Finally, there was a reduction in the testicular index (p=0.01) (↓29.6%), without changes in body mass, as well as in plasma testosterone levels, evaluated by the ELISA method. In turn, the M and F offspring of the paternal lineage that were submitted to treatment and, later, to mating, were evaluated at 70 days of age using behavioral assessment methods complementary to those performed in protocol 1 and were composed of: RO 24h, Barnes Maze (LB), Passive Dodge (EP), IS, IR. It was observed that the offspring of male mice had a memory deficit 24h after exposure to the familiar object, observed by the reduction of D1 (p=0.003) (↓87.7%), D2 (p=0.02) (↓90 .5%) and D3 (p=0.02) (↓19%). In addition, there was a reduction in social engagement with a conspecific, observed in the social interaction test, with a reduction in the sociability index (p=0.02) (↓24.4%). The same result was found in the offspring of female mice with a reduction in the social interaction index (p=0.046), as well as the social preference index (0.02) (↓17.5%). There were no significant differences in the LB, EP and IR tests. Thus, our results suggest that paternal programming with PT was able to promote behavioral and neurochemical changes in brain systems involved with affective responses, demonstrating an increase in anxiety-like behaviors, a deficit in memory, as well as a reduction in social engagement, indicating a certain degree of social anxiety in the adult offspring.eng
dc.contributor.advisor1Côrtes, Wellington da Silva
dc.contributor.advisor1ID856.794.707-30por
dc.contributor.advisor1Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/1305510562756172por
dc.contributor.referee1Côrtes, Wellington da Silva
dc.contributor.referee2Giusti, Fabiana Cardoso Vilela
dc.contributor.referee3Rocha, Fábio Fagundes da
dc.contributor.referee4Reis, Luis Carlos
dc.creator.ID130.302.107-23por
dc.creator.Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/5498807572595356por
dc.publisher.countryBrasilpor
dc.publisher.departmentInstituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúdepor
dc.publisher.initialsUFRRJpor
dc.publisher.programPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicaspor
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dc.originais.urihttps://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/6628
dc.originais.provenanceSubmitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2023-05-25T15:57:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2022 - Raphael da Silva Lau.Pdf: 2601928 bytes, checksum: 9053d212f643708dbe5777d3e72f5bfb (MD5)eng
dc.originais.provenanceMade available in DSpace on 2023-05-25T15:57:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2022 - Raphael da Silva Lau.Pdf: 2601928 bytes, checksum: 9053d212f643708dbe5777d3e72f5bfb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2022-10-13eng
Appears in Collections:Mestrado Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas

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